Which option gives a correct social effect of population change?

Correct answer: The demand for schools, health care and housing may change.

Answer: A. Social effects concern the way population conditions influence people’s lives and the services they use. When the number of people changes, or when the share of children, working-age adults or older people changes, the demand for schools, hospitals, housing and other facilities can also change. A is correct because education, health and housing are social needs affected by population size and age structure. B is incorrect because population change does not normally reverse the direction of a river. C is incorrect because mountain colour is not a social effect of demographic change. D is impossible and has no geographical meaning in this context. The correct method is to identify services and living conditions when asked for a social effect. Memory cue: social effects are about people, services and quality of life.