Which option gives a result rather than a cause of population distribution?

Correct answer: Increasing pressure on public services

The direct answer is D: increasing pressure on public services. A cause helps create a population pattern, while a result happens after that pattern develops. Climate can influence where people settle because very harsh or comfortable conditions affect living. Relief can influence settlement because plains are often easier for farming, building and transport than steep mountains. Employment opportunities attract people and therefore can be a cause of concentration. In contrast, when many people live in one place, schools, hospitals, water supply, housing and transport may face increasing pressure; that pressure is a possible result of dense population. Option A is a cause, not the best answer. Option B is a physical cause. Option C is a human-economic cause. Option D is correct because it describes an effect that may follow dense distribution. Be careful: services can also attract people, but the wording “increasing pressure” clearly refers to the consequence of many users. Memory cue: causes pull or permit settlement; results appear after settlement grows.