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Which option correctly gives the main components of population growth?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Births, deaths and migration

The correct answer is A: births, deaths and migration. Population growth or population change is studied by examining how people are added, removed or moved. Births add people to a population, while deaths reduce it. Migration changes the population when people enter an area or leave it. A useful relationship is: population change is influenced by births minus deaths, plus in-migration minus out-migration. Choice B is incorrect because soil, climate and slope are physical factors that can influence settlement and distribution, but they are not the direct demographic components of population change. Choice C is incorrect because rivers, lakes and seas are water bodies. Choice D is incorrect because forests, animals and birds are parts of the natural environment, not the main components used to calculate human population growth. Do not confuse factors affecting where people live with the processes that change population size. Memory cue: people are added by births and in-migration and reduced by deaths and out-migration.

Related tags

BirthsDeathsMigrationPopulation ChangePopulation GrowthPopulationGeographyClass 9 Mcq

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