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What are the three main components of population growth?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Birth death and migration

The correct answer is A: birth, death and migration. Births add people to a population, while deaths remove people. Migration changes the population when people move into or out of an area. In-migration or immigration adds people, and out-migration or emigration removes them. Thus, population change reflects natural change—births minus deaths—together with migration. Option A correctly lists all three demographic components. Option B lists physical features of the landscape, not direct population processes. Option C lists weather or atmospheric elements, which may influence living conditions but are not the three components. Option D lists cultural or material aspects of life, not demographic events. A common confusion is to treat only births as growth; however, migration can also increase a local population, while deaths and outward migration can reduce it. Memory cue: people are born, people die, and people move.

Related tags

Birth Death MigrationPopulation GrowthDemographic ComponentsPopulationGeographyClass 9 Mcq

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