What effect can reducing infant mortality have on population behaviour under the National Population Policy?

Correct answer: It can increase health security and confidence in small families

Direct answer: A is correct. Infant mortality means the death of babies during the first year of life. When medical care, immunisation, nutrition, sanitation and emergency treatment improve, parents feel that their children are more likely to survive. This reduces the fear that a family must have many children to ensure that some survive. As health security grows, families may voluntarily accept a smaller family and invest more care, education and resources in each child. This supports the population-policy aim of improving quality of life and encouraging responsible family planning. B is wrong because infant survival has no effect on the physical height of mountains. C is wrong because reducing infant mortality is a health and demographic measure, not a policy that only reduces exports. D is wrong because accurate population records and the census remain necessary for planning schools, hospitals and services. Memory cue: better child survival can increase confidence in a small family.