Which soil in the Northern Plains is renewed by floods?

Correct answer: Khadar

Direct answer: Option A is correct. Khadar means new alluvial soil deposited by rivers, especially on flood plains. Rivers in the Northern Plains frequently overflow and spread fresh layers of silt, sand and fine sediment over nearby land. Because this material is newly deposited and is renewed during floods, Khadar is generally more fertile than older alluvium. Option A works because it directly names the soil renewed by floods. Option B is wrong because Bhangar is old alluvium, usually lying above the active floodplain; it may contain kankar and is not regularly renewed by annual floods. Option C is wrong because Bhabar is a pebbly foothill belt, not the name of the new flood-deposited soil. Option D is wrong because Terai is a wet and marshy belt, not a soil category describing fresh alluvium. The key idea is age and position: active floodplain equals Khadar, older higher terrace equals Bhangar. Memory cue: “Khadar is kh नया—new.”