Peninsular rivers mainly depend on which water source?

Correct answer: Rainfall

Peninsular rivers flow across the older and relatively stable landmass of the Indian Plateau. Unlike many Himalayan rivers, they usually do not receive a regular supply from large, permanently snow-covered glaciers. Their water level and discharge depend mainly on the seasonal monsoon rains, although groundwater and local streams may also contribute. As a result, many of these rivers have much less water in the dry season and are described as seasonal or rain-fed rivers.

Option A is correct because rainfall is the principal source of water for Peninsular rivers. Glaciers are the characteristic long-term source of several Himalayan rivers, not the main source of Peninsular rivers. Sea water does not normally feed these inland river systems, and underground lava is not a water source. The important exam distinction is that Peninsular rivers are generally rain-dependent, while Himalayan rivers are more often perennial because snowmelt and glacier melt supplement rainfall.