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What is the relation between large catchment areas of Himalayan rivers and flood risk?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A large catchment can collect more water and increase flood risk

The direct answer is A: a large catchment can collect more water and increase flood risk. A catchment or drainage basin is the area from which precipitation and streamflow drain toward one river system. A Himalayan river with a large basin may receive water from rainfall, snowmelt, glaciers, and many tributaries. If heavy rain occurs over a wide area, many tributaries can send water into the main channel at the same time. The total discharge may then rise greatly, especially when the channel or floodplain cannot contain it. Option A is correct because it connects basin size with greater possible water collection and flood risk; it does not mean flooding occurs automatically every time. Option B is wrong because a larger catchment generally supplies more water, not necessarily dryness. Option C is wrong because a catchment remains a land drainage area and does not turn a river into a marine river. Option D is wrong because a basin does not become a glacier; a glacier is a mass of moving ice. Other factors, such as rainfall intensity, snowmelt, slope, land use, and drainage, also affect floods. Memory cue: bigger basin plus heavy rain plus many tributaries can mean greater flood discharge.

Related tags

CatchmentFlood RiskRiver Basin

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