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Under which condition can alluvial fans form in Himalayan rivers?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The river leaves mountains and the slope suddenly decreases

An alluvial fan is a fan-shaped deposit of sediment formed where a river leaves a steep mountain valley and enters a flatter area. In the mountains, the river flows quickly because the slope is steep and can carry much material. At the foothills, the slope suddenly becomes gentler. The river loses speed and carrying power, so gravel, sand, and finer sediment are spread over the ground in a fan-like shape. This is why the change from mountain slope to plain is important.

Option A is correct because it states both necessary features: the river leaves the mountains and its slope decreases suddenly. The lower gradient reduces velocity and encourages deposition. Option C is wrong because an alluvial fan requires sediment. The sea does not produce the stated landform in this situation, and a river cannot become a volcano. The foothill zone is therefore associated with deposition rather than continued strong erosion.

Related tags

Alluvial FanFoothillsDeposition

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