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Which is the most suitable process for the formation of an oxbow lake in a river floodplain?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A meander neck gets cut off to form a separate water body

The direct answer is C, a meander neck gets cut off and forms a separate water body. A floodplain is a flat area beside a river where deposition commonly occurs. A river develops bends, or meanders. Erosion acts strongly on outer banks, while deposition builds inner banks. The neck between two nearby parts of a bend becomes narrow. A flood or strong current may cut across this neck, allowing water to take a shorter route. Sediment then blocks the old ends, leaving the loop separate as an oxbow lake. Option A is wrong because straight flow cutting rock is not the usual floodplain process. B concerns the sea, not a river meander. C gives the correct process. D describes no normal oxbow formation. Remember: floodplain plus cut-off meander gives oxbow lake.

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