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Why does a windward slope receive more rainfall?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Moist air rises and cools

The direct answer is A: moist air rises along a windward slope and cools, causing condensation and rainfall. When a moving air mass meets a mountain, the mountain forces the air upward. Air pressure decreases with height, so the rising air expands and becomes cooler. Cooling reduces the air’s ability to hold water vapour. Water vapour then condenses into clouds, and droplets may fall as rain on the windward side. Option A is correct because it gives the complete physical sequence: moist air, upward movement, cooling, condensation, and rainfall. Option B is wrong because windward air is not always dry; it is often the moist side facing the incoming wind. Option C is wrong because moisture does not simply return to the sea at the slope; much of it falls as precipitation. Option D is wrong because a windward slope is meaningful precisely where relief, usually a mountain, forces air upward. Exam cue: windward means wet; leeward commonly means a rain-shadow side.

Related tags

Windward SlopeMoist AirRelief Rainfall

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