Which option correctly shows a climate factor and its effect?

Correct answer: When altitude increases temperature may decrease

Altitude is the height of a place above sea level. In the lower atmosphere, temperature generally decreases as altitude increases, so a higher place may be cooler than a nearby lowland. This is an important climatic relationship and helps explain the cooler conditions of many mountain areas. The word “may” is appropriate because local conditions can also influence the exact temperature.

Option A correctly matches the factor, altitude, with its usual effect, a decrease in temperature. Option B is incorrect because increasing distance from the sea generally increases the annual temperature range rather than always decreasing it. Latitude does affect temperature, and deserts do not automatically form near every sea. Thus, option A is the only sound cause-and-effect statement.