Why is the principle of equality in a Constitution not only an ideal but a condition of governance?

Correct answer: Because without equality law can become a tool of discrimination

Direct answer: A is correct. Equality is a governing condition because public power and law must treat people as equal citizens rather than as members of favoured and disfavoured groups. Without equality, officials could apply rules differently because of status, wealth, religion, caste, gender or another irrelevant identity. Then law would become a tool of discrimination instead of a common protection. A is correct because equality guides fair lawmaking, administration and access to justice. B is wrong because equality does not abolish institutions; it requires institutions to act fairly. C is wrong because constitutional equality is not limited to the rich. D is wrong because equality supports democratic citizenship and equal political worth. Memory cue: rule of law means the same public law must not become different justice for different people.