If a law aims to provide opportunities to weaker sections, how should it be understood in the context of equality?

It can be a measure to promote substantive equality

Correct answer: C. Equality is not always achieved by treating people identically, especially when historical or social disadvantages have left some groups with fewer real opportunities. A lawful measure that supports weaker sections can help them reach a genuinely fair position; this is often called substantive or real equality. It is not automatically discrimination against others. Option A is wrong because supportive measures can advance equality when they have a legitimate purpose and follow constitutional rules. Option B is unrelated to religion. Option D concerns the abolition of titles, not opportunity-supporting policies. The step-by-step test is: identify the disadvantage, see whether the law aims to widen genuine opportunity, and check that the measure has a lawful and relevant basis. Equal treatment and fair opportunity must be understood together.

This is a Class 9 Civics question. Chapter: Democratic Rights. Topic: Right to Equality.