After counting is completed, on what basis are election results declared?

On the basis of the candidate receiving the most valid votes

Correct answer: A. In an election, votes are counted after polling ends, and the candidate with the greatest number of valid votes in the constituency is declared the winner under the usual constituency system. A valid vote is one that has been recorded according to the applicable voting rules; campaign activity does not replace the voters' actual choices. Option A is correct because the result is based on the counted valid votes. Option B is wrong because shouting slogans may be part of campaigning but does not give a candidate any votes automatically. Option C is wrong because spending more money cannot legally determine the result; the count, not the cost, matters. Option D is wrong because poster size has no role in declaring the winner. A useful memory cue is: campaign may influence voters, but only valid votes decide the result.

This is a Class 9 Civics question. Chapter: Electoral Politics. Topic: Polling and counting of votes.