Definition of democracy

An elected government is a government chosen by citizens through a voting process. In a democracy, people do not receive a government merely because a king, army, wealthy group, or hereditary family selects it. Citizens use elections to choose representatives, and those representatives form the government according to the constitutional system.

Therefore option B is correct: it is the government chosen by people through votes. The word “elected” specifically points to a free and fair voting process. Option A describes monarchy, option C describes military appointment, and option D excludes most citizens and violates political equality. Elections also allow citizens to replace representatives who do not perform well.

In democracy, government is considered of the people because people choose it. Exam tip: keep people at the centre.

Leaders get the mandate to rule through public support in elections. Exam tip: connect mandate with votes.

In dictatorship, people's choice and freedom may be limited. Exam tip: see dictatorship as an opposite example of democracy.

Voting right gives citizens participation in governance. Exam tip: link adult franchise with democracy.

In democracy, citizens and opposition can question the government. Exam tip: treat the freedom to question as democratic.

In democracy, electoral competition should be fair. Exam tip: connect equal opportunity with democratic elections.

People vote to choose representatives and participate indirectly in governance. Exam tip: understand representative democracy.

Equal vote value shows political equality in democracy. Exam tip: connect equality of vote with citizens' equality.

Direct answer: option A, people have the right to choose the government. A central idea of democracy is popular participation: citizens can select their representatives and can replace a government through genuine elections. Option A expresses this idea directly. Option B is wrong because a ruler who can never be changed is not accountable to voters and suggests permanent or authoritarian rule. Option C is wrong because freedom of speech and public criticism are important for informed democratic choice. Option D is wrong because elections held only for appearance, without real competition or choice, are not meaningful democracy. Democracy also requires rights, lawful government, accountability, and fair procedures, but the right to choose government is the clearest statement here. Memory cue: real choice plus accountable government.

Election results show people's political choice. Exam tip: treat election results as a sign of public will.

Elections after a limited term allow people to decide again. Exam tip: connect regular elections with limited term.

Arbitrary rule is against democratic consent and rule of law. Exam tip: link rule of law with democracy.

Hereditary rule is not a key condition of democracy and may be opposite to it. Exam tip: keep hereditary rule and democracy separate.

Without choice, an election is not considered democratic. Exam tip: write choice as necessary for real elections.

Representatives are chosen by people, so they take decisions on people's behalf. Exam tip: remember the meaning of representation.

Voters choose their representatives in elections. Exam tip: keep the voter-representative relation clear.

Without liberty, citizens cannot properly take part in elections and discussion. Exam tip: study liberty and participation together.

Direct answer: B, Consent. Democracy means government by the people, either directly or through representatives chosen by them. The important question is whether people accept and authorize the rulers, not whether rulers frighten them. Step by step: citizens express their wishes, usually by voting; representatives receive a mandate; government must respect the Constitution, rights and public opinion. A, Fear, is wrong because fear forces obedience and does not show free approval. B, Consent, is correct because democratic rule rests on people's willing approval. C, Force, is wrong because force can impose power without public choice. D, Heredity, is wrong because democratic office is not automatically inherited by family. Memory cue: democracy means consent, choice and participation—not fear or force.

The direct answer is A: Can people choose the rulers? The central test of democracy is not the size, wealth or appearance of a country; it is whether the people possess the power to choose their political rulers. Reason step by step: democracy gives citizens political equality, citizens participate in elections, and elected rulers receive authority from the people. If citizens can also replace rulers peacefully, democratic accountability becomes stronger. Option A is correct because it asks directly about the source of political authority. Option B is irrelevant: the size of a king’s palace tells us nothing about whether people choose the government. Option C is irrelevant: an army may have weapons in many kinds of states, democratic or non-democratic; weapons do not prove popular rule. Option D is irrelevant: a large or small country can be democratic, so geographical size is not the deciding test. Memory cue: to identify democracy, ask “Who chooses the rulers?”

Election results show people's collective choice. Exam tip: understand accepting results as part of democratic process.

The central idea of democracy is that people choose rulers. Exam tip: remember this sentence as the basic definition.

The direct answer is B: the government is chosen by the people. Democracy means a form of government in which citizens have the power to select their representatives, usually by voting in elections. The reasoning is simple: citizens are eligible to vote; they cast votes; votes help decide which candidates or parties will form the government; the elected government is expected to work for the public and can be questioned or replaced in later elections. Option A, the army, is wrong because army rule is military rule, not democracy. Option B is correct because the people are the source of electoral authority. Option C, the court, is wrong because courts interpret laws and decide cases; they do not normally choose the government through elections. Option D, traders, is wrong because businesspeople are only one group among citizens and cannot choose the government on behalf of everyone. Remember: democracy means people’s rule, expressed through elections and votes.

The direct answer is C: people’s participation. Democracy is government based on the participation and consent of citizens. Participation may include voting, standing for election, discussing public issues, joining groups and holding rulers accountable. The reasoning is: people take part in public decisions, representatives gain authority from them, and government remains answerable to them. Option A, hereditary position, is wrong because a hereditary office is received through family birth, not public participation. Option B, a permanent king, is wrong because permanent personal rule limits the people’s ability to choose and change rulers. Option C is correct because citizens’ participation is the essential democratic element among these choices. Option D, only orders, is wrong because one-way commands without public choice or discussion describe authoritarian rule, not democracy. Participation does not mean every citizen makes every decision directly; it means citizens have real political rights and influence. Memory cue: democracy is not rule by birth or orders; it is rule with people’s participation.

The direct answer is D: with the people. In a democracy, final political authority rests with citizens because government is formed through their consent and must remain accountable to them. Follow the chain: people vote, elected representatives form or control the government, laws are made through constitutional institutions, and citizens can question or replace rulers in elections. Option A, the king, is wrong because a king’s authority is based on monarchy, not necessarily on the people’s choice. Option B, the army chief, is wrong because military control is not democratic civilian rule. Option C, a foreign power, is wrong because outside control denies the country’s citizens the final say over their own government. Option D is correct because democratic sovereignty means that the people are the ultimate political source of authority. This does not mean every decision is made directly by every citizen; it means institutions must derive legitimacy from citizens and obey the constitution. Memory cue: in democracy, government is “of the people, by the people and answerable to the people.”