Democratic transition in South Africa

Correct answer: A. Fundamental Rights were included to protect the liberty, equality and dignity of citizens. The Constitution does not give unlimited power to the government; it places important limits on state action. For example, the State cannot normally discriminate against citizens on prohibited grounds, take away freedom arbitrarily, or deny equal protection of law. These rights are especially important because a majority or a powerful government might otherwise misuse its authority against individuals or weaker groups. The courts can help protect these rights when they are violated. Option B is wrong because rights belong to citizens, not only rulers. Option C is the opposite of the purpose of rights, since rights help people seek justice. Option D is wrong because the Constitution also establishes democratic values, institutions and protections, not merely an administrative list. Memory cue: Fundamental Rights mean freedom protected from arbitrary power.

Correct answer: A. Fundamental Rights were placed at the centre because a democratic Constitution must protect people from unfair or arbitrary use of state power. Liberty means that citizens have protected personal freedoms, while equality means that the law should not discriminate unfairly among them. These rights also set limits on government and can be protected through courts. A is correct because it states the main purpose of Fundamental Rights. B is wrong because rights limit government rather than make it unlimited. C is wrong because courts help enforce rights; their role is important. D is wrong because rights support active citizenship and participation. Memory cue: Fundamental Rights mean freedom, equality and protection from arbitrary power.