A student must create five values of the same brown while keeping its temperature constant. Which method is correct?

Correct answer: Change measured amounts of white or black in the same brown

The governing concept is value: the lightness or darkness of a colour, separate from its temperature or warm-cool character. To make a five-step scale, the student should prepare one stable brown base and alter only measured amounts of white or black. Thus option B is correct. Adding different complements or changing the original pigments can shift the hue and temperature, while increasing red changes the colour bias rather than producing a controlled value scale.