Physics

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Semiconductors

आंतरिक और बाह्य अर्धचालक

In Class 12 Physics, this topic from Chapter 14, “Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits,” explains how semiconductor conductivity depends on charge carriers and controlled impurities. Students learn the distinction between intrinsic semiconductors, made from pure materials, and extrinsic semiconductors, whose properties are modified through doping. The topic introduces electrons, holes, donor and acceptor impurities, and n-type and p-type semiconductors, building a foundation for understanding semiconductor devices and electronic circuits.