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SubjectsPhysics
समान बाहरी विद्युत क्षेत्र में विद्युत द्विध्रुव
In Class 12 Physics, this topic from Chapter 1, Electric Charges and Fields, explains how an electric dipole behaves when placed in a uniform external electric field. Students learn why the equal and opposite forces on the charges produce zero net force but a torque that tends to align the dipole with the field. They study the torque formula, equilibrium positions, stability, and the dipole’s potential energy, U = −p·E, using clear vector and physical interpretations.
Correct answer: A. Net force is zero and torque is nonzero
Explanation: Step 1: In a uniform electric field, equal and opposite forces act on the two charges. Step 2: Thus net force is zero, but a turning effect remains when force lines are different. Step 3: Remember that a dipole in a uniform field may rotate without translating.
Correct answer: A. Uniform field cancels translation but can produce angular effect
Explanation: Step 1: In a uniform field, equal and opposite forces act on the charges, so net force is zero. Step 2: If the dipole is oblique, these forces act along different lines and form a couple. Step 3: Thus the key effect in a uniform field is rotation and energy change.
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