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On A = {1, 2, 3}, how many symmetric relations do not contain (1,1)?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 2⁵

On a three-element set, a symmetric relation has 3 diagonal choices and 3 unordered off-diagonal choices, for a total of 6 independent binary choices. The condition that (1,1) is absent fixes one diagonal choice: it must be excluded rather than chosen. The remaining diagonal pairs (2,2) and (3,3), together with the three off-diagonal pair groups, remain independently selectable. Thus five binary choices remain, giving 2⁵ symmetric relations. Option A is correct; 2⁶ would allow (1,1), while the smaller powers omit valid choices.

Related tags

Symmetric RelationDiagonal PairsCounting Relations

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