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Let A={1,2,3}. If a symmetric relation R on A must contain (1,2), how many such relations are possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 32

Answer: B, 32. In a symmetric relation, whenever (a,b) is present, (b,a) must also be present. Since (1,2) is required, (2,1) is forced as well; these two pairs together represent one fixed off-diagonal choice. The remaining independent choices are the three diagonal pairs (1,1), (2,2), (3,3), and the two off-diagonal pair-groups represented by (1,3),(3,1) and (2,3),(3,2). Thus there are 5 independent binary choices, giving 2^5=32 relations. Option A counts only four choices, C counts six, and D counts seven; each incorrectly treats the forced reverse pair or another linked pair as independent. Memory cue: under symmetry, count unordered pairs, not separate directions.

Related tags

Symmetric RelationIndependent ChoicesRelations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 12 Mcq

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