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If R is the empty relation on a non-empty set A, what is R∘R?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The empty relation

The correct answer is A, the empty relation. By definition, (x,z) belongs to R∘R only when there exists an intermediate element y such that (x,y)∈R and (y,z)∈R. Since R is empty, it contains no first pair and no second pair. Thus no intermediate y can satisfy both conditions, and no ordered pair can enter the composition. Therefore R∘R=∅. B and D are incorrect because diagonal pairs require pairs such as (x,x) to be available in R, but none are. C is incorrect because the universal relation contains every possible pair, whereas the composition contains none. The fact that A is non-empty does not change the result; it only means there are elements available in A, not that the empty relation contains pairs. Memory cue: composition needs a two-link path, and an empty relation has no link at all.

Related tags

Empty RelationCompositionOrdered PairsRelationsIntroduction To RelationsRelations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 12 Mcq

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