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On A = {1,2,3,4}, let R = {(a,b) : a^2 = b^2}. What type of relation is R?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Equivalence relation

Because every element of A is positive, the equation a^2 = b^2 implies a = b; the alternative a = −b cannot occur within this set for two positive elements. Hence R is exactly {(1,1),(2,2),(3,3),(4,4)}, the identity relation on A. It is reflexive because every (a,a) is included, symmetric because (a,b) implies a=b and therefore b=a, and transitive because a=b and b=c imply a=c. A relation that is reflexive, symmetric, and transitive is an equivalence relation, so option A is correct. Option B is incomplete, option C ignores the other properties, and option D is false.

Related tags

RelationsEquivalenceIdentity RelationEquivalence RelationRelations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 12 Mcq

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