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For the relation defined by aRb iff a=b or both a and b are greater than 2 on A={1,2,3,4}, what is the equivalence class of 3?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: {3,4}

The correct answer is C, {3,4}. The equivalence class of 3 is [3]={x∈A:3Rx}. Test each element using the definition. For x=3, the equality condition gives 3R3. For x=4, both 3 and 4 are greater than 2, so 3R4. For x=1 and x=2, the numbers are not equal to 3, and they are not both greater than 2; hence neither is related to 3. Therefore [3]={3,4}. A omits 4, even though the second condition relates it to 3. B includes 1 and 2 without justification. D incorrectly includes 2. The relation divides A into the blocks {1}, {2}, and {3,4}; an equivalence class contains exactly the elements related to the chosen element, not every element in the set.

Related tags

Equivalence RelationEquivalence ClassPartitionRelation DefinitionRelations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 12 Mcq

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