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For the relation on A={1,2,3,4,5,6} defined by “a and b are both multiples of 3 or both are not multiples of 3”, which statement is true?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: The relation is not antisymmetric

The correct answer is C. The definition separates A into two groups: multiples of 3, {3,6}, and nonmultiples of 3, {1,2,4,5}. Two elements are related exactly when they lie in the same group. This makes the relation reflexive, symmetric, and transitive, so it is an equivalence relation. It is not antisymmetric: for example, 1 and 2 are distinct, but both 1R2 and 2R1 are true because neither is a multiple of 3. A is therefore false. B is false because the definition is unchanged when a and b are interchanged. D is false because the two groups produce two equivalence classes, not six. A memory cue is that equivalence classes collect elements with the same stated property; here the property is ‘multiple of 3’ versus ‘not a multiple of 3’.

Related tags

Equivalence RelationAntisymmetryEquivalence ClassesMultiples Of 3Relations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 12 Mcq

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