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How many ordered pairs does the equivalence relation with classes {1,2} and {3,4} contain?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 8

Answer: C, 8. An equivalence relation contains every ordered pair whose two elements belong to the same equivalence class. The class {1,2} contributes 2×2=4 pairs: (1,1), (1,2), (2,1), and (2,2). The class {3,4} contributes another 2×2=4 pairs: (3,3), (3,4), (4,3), and (4,4). Pairs connecting the classes, such as (1,3) or (4,2), are excluded. Therefore the total is 4+4=8. Option A counts only one block, B does not follow the square rule, and D incorrectly counts all 4×4=16 pairs in A×A, including cross-class pairs. Memory cue: for equivalence classes, add the squares of their sizes: 2^2+2^2=8.

Related tags

Equivalence-ClassesCountingOrdered-PairsRelationsEquivalence RelationRelations And FunctionsMathematicsClass 12 Mcq

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