Class 12 Economics - National Income and Related Aggregates - Gross investment and depreciation Hard Quiz

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यदि पूंजी स्टॉक में वर्ष के दौरान निवेश से वृद्धि और मूल्यह्रास से कमी होती है तो निवेश और मूल्यह्रास क्या हैं?

If capital stock rises through investment and falls through depreciation during the year, what are investment and depreciation?

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Correct Answer

C. दोनों प्रवाहBoth are flows

Step 1

Concept

Investment and depreciation both change capital stock during a period, so they are flows. In exams, quantities that change a stock are treated as flows.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. दोनों प्रवाह / Both are flows. Investment and depreciation both change capital stock during a period, so they are flows. In exams, quantities that change a stock are treated as flows.

Step 3

Exam Tip

निवेश और मूल्यह्रास दोनों अवधि के दौरान पूंजी स्टॉक को बदलते हैं इसलिए प्रवाह हैं। परीक्षा में स्टॉक में परिवर्तन कराने वाली मात्राएँ प्रवाह मानी जाती हैं।

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यदि किसी मशीन का मूल्य वर्ष की शुरुआत में बताया गया है और उसका वार्षिक मूल्यह्रास अलग बताया गया है तो दोनों का स्वरूप क्या होगा?

If the value of a machine at the beginning of the year and its annual depreciation are given separately, what is the nature of both?

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Correct Answer

A. मशीन मूल्य स्टॉक और मूल्यह्रास प्रवाहMachine value is stock and depreciation is flow

Step 1

Concept

The beginning value of the machine is at a point of time while annual depreciation is a fall over a period. Distinguish the fixed asset from its wear and tear.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मशीन मूल्य स्टॉक और मूल्यह्रास प्रवाह / Machine value is stock and depreciation is flow. The beginning value of the machine is at a point of time while annual depreciation is a fall over a period. Distinguish the fixed asset from its wear and tear.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुरुआत का मशीन मूल्य समय बिंदु पर है जबकि वार्षिक मूल्यह्रास अवधि में हुई कमी है। स्थिर संपत्ति और उसकी घिसावट अलग पहचानें।

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किस विकल्प में सभी चर प्रवाह हैं?

Which option contains all flow variables?

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Correct Answer

C. आय निवेश मूल्यह्रासIncome investment depreciation

Step 1

Concept

Income, investment, and depreciation are all measured over a period, so they are flows. Earning, addition, and reduction are linked with time period.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. आय निवेश मूल्यह्रास / Income investment depreciation. Income, investment, and depreciation are all measured over a period, so they are flows. Earning, addition, and reduction are linked with time period.

Step 3

Exam Tip

आय निवेश और मूल्यह्रास सभी अवधि में मापे जाते हैं इसलिए प्रवाह हैं। कमाई जोड़ और कमी तीनों समय अवधि से जुड़े हैं।

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किस विकल्प में सही वर्गीकरण है?

Which option has the correct classification?

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Correct Answer

C. मूल्यह्रास प्रवाहDepreciation flow

Step 1

Concept

Depreciation is a fall in capital value over a period, so it is a flow. Money supply and bank balance are stocks.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is C. मूल्यह्रास प्रवाह / Depreciation flow. Depreciation is a fall in capital value over a period, so it is a flow. Money supply and bank balance are stocks.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मूल्यह्रास अवधि में पूंजी मूल्य की कमी है इसलिए प्रवाह है। मुद्रा आपूर्ति और बैंक शेष स्टॉक होते हैं।

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किस विकल्प में पूंजी स्टॉक से संबंधित प्रवाह सही है?

Which option is a flow related to capital stock?

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Correct Answer

B. वर्ष में शुद्ध निवेशNet investment during the year

Step 1

Concept

Net investment is the net addition to capital stock during the year, so it is a flow. Total machines and fixed assets are stocks.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. वर्ष में शुद्ध निवेश / Net investment during the year. Net investment is the net addition to capital stock during the year, so it is a flow. Total machines and fixed assets are stocks.

Step 3

Exam Tip

शुद्ध निवेश वर्ष में पूंजी स्टॉक में शुद्ध जोड़ है इसलिए प्रवाह है। कुल मशीनें और स्थायी संपत्ति स्टॉक हैं।

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किस स्थिति में निवेश को स्टॉक नहीं बल्कि प्रवाह माना जाएगा?

In which situation will investment be treated as a flow, not a stock?

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Correct Answer

A. वर्ष के दौरान नई पूंजीगत वस्तुओं पर खर्चExpenditure on new capital goods during the year

Step 1

Concept

Expenditure on new capital goods during the year is investment flow. Total capital assets at a point of time are stock.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. वर्ष के दौरान नई पूंजीगत वस्तुओं पर खर्च / Expenditure on new capital goods during the year. Expenditure on new capital goods during the year is investment flow. Total capital assets at a point of time are stock.

Step 3

Exam Tip

नई पूंजीगत वस्तुओं पर वर्ष के दौरान किया गया खर्च निवेश प्रवाह है। कुल पूंजीगत संपत्ति समय बिंदु पर स्टॉक होती है।

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किस विकल्प में स्टॉक से प्रवाह और प्रवाह से स्टॉक का संबंध दोनों सही हैं?

Which option correctly shows both stock-to-flow and flow-to-stock relation?

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Correct Answer

A. मशीन से उत्पादन और निवेश से पूंजी स्टॉक में वृद्धिOutput from machine and increase in capital stock through investment

Step 1

Concept

Output flow comes from the stock of machines, and investment flow increases capital stock. Stock and flow can be related in both directions.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is A. मशीन से उत्पादन और निवेश से पूंजी स्टॉक में वृद्धि / Output from machine and increase in capital stock through investment. Output flow comes from the stock of machines, and investment flow increases capital stock. Stock and flow can be related in both directions.

Step 3

Exam Tip

मशीन स्टॉक से उत्पादन प्रवाह निकलता है और निवेश प्रवाह पूंजी स्टॉक बढ़ाता है। स्टॉक और प्रवाह दोनों दिशाओं में जुड़े हो सकते हैं।

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एक अर्थव्यवस्था में सकल निवेश और पूंजी स्टॉक का सही संबंध कौन-सा है?

What is the correct relation between gross investment and capital stock in an economy?

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Correct Answer

B. सकल निवेश प्रवाह है जो पूंजी स्टॉक को प्रभावित कर सकता हैGross investment is a flow that can affect capital stock

Step 1

Concept

Gross investment is addition to capital during a period and it can change capital stock. Do not treat investment as stock.

Step 2

Why this answer is correct

The correct answer is B. सकल निवेश प्रवाह है जो पूंजी स्टॉक को प्रभावित कर सकता है / Gross investment is a flow that can affect capital stock. Gross investment is addition to capital during a period and it can change capital stock. Do not treat investment as stock.

Step 3

Exam Tip

सकल निवेश अवधि में पूंजी में किया गया जोड़ है और यह पूंजी स्टॉक को बदल सकता है। निवेश को स्टॉक नहीं समझें।

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