Protein energy malnutrition

Correct answer: A. In an energy deficit, protein may be used as fuel instead of for growth and tissue repair

Explanation: Energy and protein have related but different roles. Energy from carbohydrates and fats normally spares protein so that protein can build and repair tissues, make enzymes and hormones, and support immunity. When energy intake is inadequate, the body oxidises protein for fuel, leaving less available for growth and repair. Therefore, assessment of suspected protein-energy malnutrition must consider both total energy and protein intake, not protein alone.

Correct answer: A. To protect body tolerance and metabolism

Explanation: In severe protein-energy malnutrition, the body has adapted to inadequate intake and may have impaired heart, liver, gut and electrolyte function. Giving a large nutritional load suddenly can cause dangerous refeeding syndrome, fluid shifts and metabolic complications. Carefully staged feeding, appropriate thiamine and electrolyte management, monitoring and treatment of infection help restore nutrition more safely.