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SubjectsHome Science
आहार देने के मार्ग
In Class 12 Home Science, this topic from Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics explains how nutrition can be provided when a person cannot meet needs through regular eating. Students learn about oral, enteral and parenteral feeding, including tube feeding and intravenous nutrition, along with their uses, basic requirements, possible risks and safety considerations. The topic also highlights the importance of assessing a patient’s condition, maintaining hygiene and following professional guidance while selecting and managing an appropriate feeding route.
Correct answer: A. Nose to stomach
Explanation: A nasogastric tube is introduced through the nose and advanced through the oesophagus into the stomach. “Naso” refers to the nose and “gastric” refers to the stomach. Placement must be confirmed according to clinical protocol before feeding or giving medicines through the tube.
Correct answer: B. To keep the tube open
Explanation: Flushing a feeding tube with the prescribed amount of suitable water helps clear residual formula or medicines from its lumen and reduces the chance of blockage. It may be required before and after feeds or medicines according to protocol. The volume and type of water should follow professional instructions.
Correct answer: A. Oral route
Explanation: The oral route is the first and most natural choice when a person can swallow safely and is receiving sufficient energy and nutrients. Tube feeding is considered when oral intake is unsafe or inadequate, while intravenous nutrition is reserved for situations in which the gastrointestinal tract cannot be used effectively. Therefore, unnecessary invasive feeding methods should be avoided.
Correct answer: B. Through the abdominal wall into the stomach
Explanation: A gastrostomy is an artificial opening, or stoma, made through the abdominal wall directly into the stomach. A tube placed through this opening can deliver formula, water, and sometimes prescribed medicines when oral intake is inadequate or unsafe. It is therefore an enteral route, not a venous route, and it still uses the stomach and digestive system.
Correct answer: C. The jejunum of the small intestine
Explanation: A jejunostomy is a surgically created opening or tube that provides access to the jejunum, which is the middle portion of the small intestine. Feeding through this route bypasses the mouth and stomach while using the intestine for digestion and absorption. It is an enteral route and should be managed according to prescribed formula, rate, and clinical monitoring.
