Which option has the correct person and contribution pair?

Correct answer: John von Neumann and stored program concept

Direct answer: Option A is correct. John von Neumann is strongly associated with the stored-program concept and the von Neumann model. In this idea, instructions and data are stored in the same main memory, and the control unit fetches instructions, decodes them and executes them in sequence, with branching possible when required. This is why the person-contribution pair in A is correct. Option B is wrong: Tim Berners-Lee is associated with inventing the World Wide Web, whereas Pascaline was developed by Blaise Pascal. Option C is wrong: Linus Torvalds is associated with Linux, while ENIAC was an early electronic computer developed by a team led by other engineers. Option D is wrong: Grace Hopper is associated with compiler development and COBOL-related work, while the Jacquard loom is associated with Joseph-Marie Jacquard. Exam cue: von Neumann means stored program; do not match every famous computing person with every old machine.