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If air descends on the leeward slope after raining on the windward slope, why can its relative humidity decrease?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Because the air warms while descending and much of its moisture has already been lost

Correct answer: A. Moist air rises on the windward side of a mountain, expands, cools, condenses, and often produces rain. Because some water has fallen out, the air crossing the ridge contains less water vapour. As this air descends on the leeward side, pressure increases and the air is compressed and warmed. Warmer air can hold more water vapour before becoming saturated, while the actual amount of vapour may remain low. Relative humidity is the amount of vapour present compared with the maximum amount the air could hold at its temperature, so it decreases. This dry descending air produces a rain-shadow region. B is wrong because descending air is usually warming and is not automatically saturated. C is wrong because vapour does not increase merely through descent. D is incomplete: the mountain causes uplift and rain, but it does not simply stop the air. Memory cue: wet windward ascent, dry leeward descent.

Related tags

Rain ShadowRelative HumidityLeeward SlopeHumidityEvaporationAnd CondensationHumidity Evaporation And CondensationWater In The AtmosphereGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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