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How can latent heat released during condensation affect vertical air motion?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: It can keep rising air relatively warm and support uplift.

Correct answer: A. Rising moist air expands and cools as pressure decreases. Cooling can cause water vapour to condense into cloud droplets or ice crystals. During condensation, the latent heat that had been used to keep the water in vapour form is released into the surrounding air. This release partly offsets the cooling of the rising air, so the parcel may remain warmer than it would otherwise be. Relatively warm air is more buoyant than its surroundings and can continue rising, helping cloud growth and, in suitable conditions, stronger convection. A says this correctly, although the effect depends on the surrounding atmosphere and is not unlimited. B is wrong because condensation commonly supports cloud development. C is wrong because condensation forms liquid water or ice, not dry dust. D is wrong because condensation does not always reduce relative humidity to zero. Memory cue: condensation releases heat, and released heat can help rising air keep rising.

Related tags

Latent HeatCondensationVertical MotionConvectionHumidityEvaporationAnd CondensationHumidity Evaporation And CondensationWater In The AtmosphereGeography

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