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If windward rainfall is very high in a mountain region, what long-term effect may occur in the nearby leeward area?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A relatively dry climate and low rainfall

Correct answer: A. Moist air approaching a mountain is forced to rise along the windward slope. As it rises, it expands and cools; cooling can cause condensation and substantial rain on that side. After crossing the ridge, the air descends on the leeward side. Descending air is compressed and warms, so its relative humidity generally falls and cloud formation becomes less likely. This creates a rain-shadow effect, making the leeward area relatively dry, though the exact rainfall depends on local winds, relief, and moisture supply. A is correct because it describes this common orographic pattern. B is wrong because the main moisture loss usually occurs on the windward side, so the leeward side does not necessarily receive heavy rain in every season. C is a coastal tidal process controlled mainly by gravitational forces, not mountain rainfall. D is wrong because mountains do not permanently remove air. Memory cue: windward side rises and rains; leeward side descends and dries.

Related tags

Rain ShadowOrographic RainfallWindward SlopeLeeward SlopeClouds And PrecipitationWater In The AtmosphereGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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