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If maritime moist air continuously reaches a mountain area why can rainfall be greater on the windward slope?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Moist air is forced upward and cools

Direct answer: A. The windward slope faces the incoming moist maritime air. When the air meets the mountain, the slope acts as a barrier and forces the air to rise. Rising air expands because pressure decreases with height, and expansion causes cooling. On cooling, the air may reach saturation; water vapour then condenses into cloud droplets or ice particles. Continued uplift and condensation can produce orographic rainfall on the windward side. A is correct because it includes both essential steps: forced ascent and cooling. B describes descending, warming air, which is more typical of the leeward side and is associated with drying. C is wrong because maritime air generally acquires substantial moisture from evaporation over the sea. D is too absolute and reverses the process: mountains can cause rain on the windward side, although the descending leeward air may become drier. Memory cue: windward air rises and rains; leeward air descends and dries.

Related tags

Maritime MoistureOrographic RainfallWindward SlopeUpliftClouds And PrecipitationWater In The AtmosphereGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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