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Why does descending air in a rain-shadow region reduce cloud formation?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Descending air warms and becomes more unsaturated

Direct answer: A. On the leeward side of a mountain, air that has lost much of its moisture while rising and raining on the windward side begins to descend. As descending air moves into higher pressure, it is compressed and warms. Warmer air can hold more water vapour, so its relative humidity usually falls; the air becomes less saturated and condensation becomes less likely. With less condensation, fewer clouds form, producing a rain-shadow region. A is correct. B is wrong because descending air generally warms rather than remaining always cold. C is meaningless: air does not end at the mountain slope. D is wrong because the leeward side is usually drier after moisture has been removed on the windward side. Memory cue: rising air cools and forms clouds; sinking air warms and clears clouds.

Related tags

Rain ShadowDescending AirCloud FormationClouds And PrecipitationWater In The AtmosphereGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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