What process is indicated by the dome-like shape of cumulus clouds?

Correct answer: Convective growth in rising warm air

Correct answer: C. Cumulus clouds have rounded, cauliflower-like or dome-like tops because warm air rises in localized convection. The air near the heated surface becomes less dense and moves upward. As it rises, it expands and cools; at the condensation level, water vapour forms visible droplets. If the rising air remains buoyant, the cloud continues to build upward, producing its domed appearance. C is correct because the shape records convective development in rising warm air. A is wrong because horizontal fog spreading produces a near-surface, flatter layer rather than a rising dome. B is wrong because stable, descending air suppresses vertical cloud growth. D is wrong because dryness alone cannot create a visible water cloud. A cumulus cloud does not automatically mean heavy rain, but strong continued growth may lead to a taller storm cloud. Memory cue: rounded tops show rising convection; flat layers suggest stable spreading.