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What condition allows warm moist air over a cold surface to first condense and then form visible droplets?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Air near the surface cooling to dew point

Correct answer: A. Warm moist air contains water vapour. When it moves over a colder surface, heat is transferred from the air near the surface to that surface. The nearby air cools, and its saturation capacity decreases. Once this air reaches its dew point, relative humidity becomes approximately 100%, so condensation can begin. Continued cooling changes some vapour into liquid water, producing visible droplets on the cold surface. B is wrong because completely dry air has little or no vapour available to condense. C is wrong because condensation is a phase change of water vapour into liquid water, not a chemical conversion into nitrogen. D is wrong because a very hot surface would normally warm the nearby air and encourage evaporation rather than condensation. The important sequence is moist air, contact with a cold surface, cooling to dew point, and liquid droplet formation. Memory cue: cold contact removes heat; dew point starts visible surface condensation.

Related tags

Warm Moist AirCold SurfaceVisible DropletsDew PointClouds And PrecipitationWater In The AtmosphereGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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