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Why do clouds form when air rises along a mountain slope?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Air cools and becomes saturated

Answer: A, air cools and becomes saturated. When moist air meets a mountain, the slope forces the air to rise. As the air rises, pressure decreases and the air expands. Expansion causes adiabatic cooling. If the air cools to its dew point, it becomes saturated: it then contains as much water vapour as it can hold at that temperature. Further cooling changes some water vapour into tiny liquid droplets or ice particles around condensation nuclei. A large collection of these droplets or particles is seen as a cloud. A is correct because it describes the essential sequence: uplift, cooling, saturation and condensation. B is wrong because water vapour does not disappear; it changes into droplets. C is wrong because darkness is not the necessary cause of mountain clouds. D is wrong because air does not turn into rock. Memory cue: mountain uplift makes moist air climb, cool and condense.

Related tags

GeographyOrographic LiftCloud FormationCondensationClouds And PrecipitationWater In The AtmosphereClass 12 Mcq

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