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If health improvements sharply reduce death rates but fertility behavior changes only later, what effect is likely in the initial decades?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Natural increase will accelerate

Natural increase depends on births and deaths, not directly on migration. When health improvements reduce the death rate quickly, fewer people die in each period. If fertility behavior changes only later, the birth rate remains high for some time. The number of births then exceeds the number of deaths by a larger margin than before.

This produces rapid natural increase in the initial decades. Better health may also allow more children to survive, reinforcing the growth of younger age groups, although the immediate question concerns the total natural increase. A negative or stable population would require births to be no greater than deaths, while migration is not the only possible source of change. Therefore option A, natural increase will accelerate, is correct.

Related tags

Mortality DeclineFertility LagNatural IncreaseDemographic TransitionPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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