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If child mortality falls rapidly but fertility remains high for ten years, what major effect may occur on future population?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: A large young cohort may form and strengthen demographic momentum

Child mortality and fertility affect the size of younger age groups in different but connected ways. When child mortality falls, a larger proportion of children survive. If fertility remains high at the same time, many new births continue to enter the population. Together, these conditions can produce a large young cohort and strengthen demographic momentum. Therefore option A is the best answer.

A large cohort will eventually move into the reproductive ages. Even if fertility later begins to decline, the large number of potential parents can keep births relatively high for some time. This is why the effect may continue beyond the ten-year period mentioned. The result is not that young people immediately disappear, nor that future births become zero. Option D is also incorrect because survival and fertility changes directly affect age structure.

Related tags

Child Mortality DeclineHigh FertilityDemographic MomentumYoung CohortsPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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