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A city has natural change of -15000 and net migration of +15000. Even though total population is stable, which effect is possible?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Age structure and labor-market composition can change

Natural change includes births minus deaths, while net migration records arrivals minus departures. Here natural change is -15,000 and net migration is +15,000, so the two effects cancel and the total population change is zero. Even so, the people being lost and gained may have different ages, occupations, and skills. Therefore option A is possible: age structure and labour-market composition can change.

For instance, if most deaths are among older residents and most incoming migrants are young working adults, the city may become relatively younger and have a larger working-age share, even though its total size is unchanged. The calculation only describes the net total; it does not say that every age group remains constant. Births and deaths do not become zero, and neither the land area nor all demographic characteristics must stay unchanged.

Related tags

Stable PopulationAge StructureNet MigrationLabor MarketPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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