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If the birth rate is 31 per thousand, death rate is 8 per thousand, and net migration rate is -11 per thousand, what is the total growth rate per thousand?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 12 per thousand

Total population change has two parts: natural increase and net migration. Natural increase is found by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate. Net migration must then be added, with a negative value reducing the total. Thus, the relevant rates are births, deaths, and people entering or leaving the country.

Here, natural increase is \(31-8=23\) per thousand. Net migration is \(-11\) per thousand, meaning that departures exceed arrivals by 11 per thousand. Therefore, total growth is \(23+(-11)=12\) per thousand. Option B is correct. Option D, 23 per thousand, would ignore migration.

Related tags

Birth Death MigrationTotal Growth RatePer ThousandPopulation BalancePopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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