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If a country's total growth rate is declining but the 20 to 59 age group will continue growing for another decade, what is the strongest explanation?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Large cohorts born earlier are still entering this age range

A falling total growth rate describes the current balance of births, deaths, and migration, but it does not immediately change the size of every age group. The people who will be aged 20 to 59 during the next decade were mostly born many years earlier. Their numbers therefore depend strongly on the size of earlier birth cohorts and on survival, not only on today's growth rate.

If large groups were born in the past, those cohorts will continue moving into the 20–59 age range even while newer cohorts become smaller. This is a cohort effect and explains why the working-age group can keep growing after overall growth begins to slow. Thus option A is correct. Option B assumes an instant change in all ages, while C and D contradict basic population accounting.

Related tags

Cohort EffectWorking Age PopulationDeclining GrowthAge StructurePopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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