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If natural increase is +1.8 percent and net out-migration is -1.8 percent, what is the total growth rate?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 0 percent

Total population growth combines natural increase with net migration. Natural increase measures the excess of births over deaths, while net migration measures arrivals minus departures. A positive value raises the population and a negative value lowers it. The two effects must therefore be added with their signs, rather than compared only by their absolute sizes.

The calculation is \(+1.8\% + (-1.8\%) = 0\%\). The increase produced by births exceeding deaths is exactly cancelled by the reduction caused by net out-migration. Thus the total population does not change through these two components during the stated period, and option C is correct. This does not mean births equal deaths; it means the two opposite population effects balance each other.

Related tags

Population BalanceNet Out-MigrationPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And GrowthGeographyClass 12 Mcq

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