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If the birth rate falls from 36 to 27 per thousand and the death rate falls from 15 to 10 per thousand, how will natural increase change?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: From 21 to 17 per thousand

Natural increase is calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate. Initially, it is \(36-15=21\) per thousand. After the changes, it becomes \(27-10=17\) per thousand. Although both rates fall, the birth rate falls by 9 per thousand, while the death rate falls by only 5 per thousand, so the gap becomes smaller by 4 per thousand.

Therefore natural increase declines from 21 to 17 per thousand. Option A is correct. It would be wrong to add the rates, because natural increase measures the difference between births and deaths. The change in the death rate partly offsets the fall in the birth rate, which is why the new value is 17 rather than 12 or another listed figure.

Related tags

Birth Death GapNatural Increase DeclineDemographic RatesPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And GrowthGeography

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