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A country records 2.5 million births, 1.4 million deaths, and net out-migration of 1.3 million. What is the total population change?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Decrease of 0.2 million

Total population change is calculated by adding natural increase to net migration. Natural increase equals births minus deaths: \(2.5-1.4=1.1\) million. Net out-migration of 1.3 million is a loss, so it must be subtracted from the natural increase. The total change is therefore \(1.1-1.3=-0.2\) million.

A negative result means that the population decreases rather than increases. The decrease is 0.2 million, which is 2 lakh people. Hence option A is correct. The 1.1 million figure is only the natural increase before migration is considered, while 1.3 million is the migration loss alone. Both components must be included to find the total population change.

Related tags

Natural IncreaseOut MigrationTotal Population DeclinePopulation BalancePopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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