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If the birth rate is 34 per thousand, death rate is 12 per thousand, and net migration rate is -5 per thousand, what is the total growth rate per thousand?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 17 per thousand

The natural growth rate is calculated by subtracting the death rate from the birth rate. Here it is \(34-12=22\) per thousand. Net migration must then be included. A net migration rate of \(-5\) per thousand means that out-migration exceeds in-migration by 5 people per thousand, so it reduces total growth.

Therefore, total growth rate is \(22+(-5)=17\) per thousand. Option A is correct. The value 22 per thousand is only the natural increase and would be the answer if migration were zero. The negative sign must not be ignored, because it represents a loss through migration.

Related tags

Birth Death MigrationTotal Growth RatePer ThousandDemographic RatesPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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