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Two countries both have zero total growth. One has high births and deaths while the other has low births and deaths. Why may their future population structures differ?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: Their age structures and demographic turnover differ

Zero total growth only describes the final balance of population changes; it does not show that births, deaths, and age groups are identical. A country with high birth and death rates has considerable demographic turnover. It may have many young people entering the population and many deaths leaving it. Another country with low birth and death rates may change more slowly and have a different age distribution, often with a larger relative share of older people.

Thus option A is correct: their age structures and demographic turnover can differ. Equal total growth can result from very different internal flows. Zero growth does not make the countries identical, and births and deaths are closely related to age structure. Land area alone cannot explain the demographic difference. Migration may also affect the exact balance, but it does not remove the main conclusion.

Related tags

Zero GrowthBirth Death RatesAge StructureDemographic DynamicsPopulation GrowthThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And Growth

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