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If a country's population declines from 45 million to 43.2 million, what is the percentage decrease?

Answer and explanation

Correct answer: 4 percent

The correct answer is C: 4 percent. First find the absolute decrease: 45 million − 43.2 million = 1.8 million. Percentage decrease is calculated relative to the initial population, so use the formula: decrease percentage = (decrease ÷ initial population) × 100. Thus, (1.8 ÷ 45) × 100 = 4 percent. Option A is too small and would not represent the given difference. Option B is also incorrect because 1.8 is 4 percent, not 3 percent, of 45. Option C is correct. Option D would imply a decrease of 2.25 million from 45 million, which is larger than the actual decrease of 1.8 million. A common confusion is using the final population, 43.2 million, as the denominator. Percentage decrease normally compares the loss with the starting value, because the question asks how much smaller the population became relative to its original size.

Related tags

Percentage DecreasePopulation DeclineInitial PopulationPopulation GrowthDemography CalculationThe World Population – DistributionDensity And GrowthThe World Population Distribution Density And GrowthGeography

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